Cities in History

Carol Herselle Krinsky
New York University
New York, USA

1989


S Y L L A B U S


Instructor's Comments

The course described below is part of an 8-course major called "Urban Design Studies" which includes courses called Urban Design and the Law; Decision-Making & Urban Design; Ideology & Urban Design: Environmental Design: lssues & Methods; Urban (technical) Options for the Future


Course description:

The course is divided into two unequal parts. The first provides students with an overview of urban building types that are particular to a given culture or historic period (the Greek acropolis, the Roman amphitheater, etc.) as well as characteristic urban building types of all periods (religious buildings, facilities for water supply, etc.)

The second part of the course, much longer than the first part, presents cities in western culture in chronological order. While the first part of the course may discuss, let us say, street systems, something so general as to be worldwide (and therefore some Chinese or other non- western patterns may be mentioned), the second part of the course keeps within the boundaries of western culture. This is due to two factors: 1) time limits in a fourteen-week course 2) the expertise of the instructor. In the second part of the course, we begin with an account of Greek cities, move to Roman ones, and follow with an account of urban reduction in the early middle ages, the revival of urbanism in the later middle ages, the development of new urban consciousness and forms to match during the Renaissance, alterations especially to urban public spaces (streets, plazas, fountains) in the late Renaissance, and follow with the early modern city. This is the product of the Industrial Revolution, of which the physical manifestations are discussed (canals, railroads, mills, docks, factories, industrial towns both atrocious and paternalistic, etc.). Practical or benevolent or romantic or utopian alternatives to the early modern city are also discussed. The last group of lectures deals with planning theory of the present century--Garden Cities, Beaux-Arts plans, the 1920s "radiant city," autocratic planning in the 1930s, etc.

Course requirements

Class attendance, because there is no textbook; the lectures provide a kind of textbook by introducing material treated at greater length by the course readings.
Midterm examination, or two small quizzes; the system changes each time the course is given.

Final essay examination

Term paper, based on research done at the New York Public Library. Length: about 15 pages. Footnoted, with bibliography. The aim is to introduce students to research tools, bibliographies, indices, atlases, census data, etc. in the field of historic urban building.

Course emphasis

Is placed on the historical information conveyed by the built environment. This differentiates our course from purely historical accounts of cities, in which the physical city may be given less emphasis than, for instance, social or economic or political factors.

Course readings

Most of Lewis Mumford, The City in History
Anthony Sutcliffe, The Autumn of Central Paris
Steen Eiler Rasmussen, London. The Unique City
Richard Krautheimer, The Rome of Alexander VII
Colin and Rose Bell, City Fathers

The list is subject to some modification, but the books by Mumford and Rasmussen are perennial favorites of our students. There is widespread but not universal enthusiasm for the others. Each time that the course is offered, the reading list is altered slightly, and of course, account is taken of new publications in the field.

Class lecture time: Two lectures per week, each 75 minutes. Teacher is available for conferences, but there are no discussion sections for the whole class.