History 621 Mr. D.C. Skaggs
Problems in Early American History Department of History
Spring 1995 BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY
136 Williams Hall
372-2030 (Dept.)
372-8767 (Office)
e-mail: dskaggs@andy.bgsu.edu
PURPOSE: Through an intensive reading program, the course will provide the student with an historiographic understanding of selected problems in early American history and with an appreciation of the trends in current historical research dealing with the period.
METHODOLOGY: (1) Students will read a variety of readings dealing with a particular subject and will present a personal oral analysis of one of them at each week's class meeting. Oral presentations are limited to five minutes. Each student is expected to contribute each week to the general class discussion. Most of your grade will be based upon an evaluation of your oral performance. The central key to grading is not a summary of what the author says, but an analysis of the major theses of the essay and a comparison of it with readings in that week's and earlier meetings. (2) Each week each student will turn in a brief (100- word) abstract of the articles he/she has read for that week. (3) Each student will read Bernard Bailyn's Ideological Origins of the American Revolution by April 18 and will present a 1,000-word analysis of the book and how it fits into colonial American historiography by May 2. The analyses should be modeled after the type of essays found in Reviews in American History or the longer reviews printed in the William and Mary Quarterly.
OFFICE HOURS: 4:00-5:00, Tuesday, 1:30-2:15, 4:00-5:00 Thursday and by appointment.
Reserve Books (Reserve Room, Jerome Library):
Jack P. Greene & J.R. Pole, eds., Colonial British America (1984) James A. Henretta, et al., eds., Transformation of Early American History (1991) Peter Charles Hoffer, ed., Early American History (19 vols., 1988). E188.E27
References will be made to articles reprinted in this series by "Hoffer, vol. #, [essay] # ." In addition students may consult the original articles in the periodicals section of the library. Required readings:
Bernard Bailyn, Ideological Origins of American Revolution, enlarged edition (1992). If you've read this previously then read the following: Gordon Wood, Radicalism of the American Revolution (1991)
COURSE OUTLINE
Meeting Topic Date
January 10 Introduction
January 17 The Native Americans
January 24 Origins of Chesapeake Society
January 31 Origins of New England Society
February 7 Bacon's Rebellion & the Glorious
Revolution
February 14 Slavery
February 21 Family and Community
February 28 American Enlightenment
March 7 Great Awakening
March 14 Economic Developments
March 28 Colonial Politics
April 4 Origins of the American Revolution
April 11 The American Revolution I
April 18 The American Revolution II
April 25 The American Revolution III
May 2 Two Historians & the American
Revolution
Periodicals (Periodicals section of Jerome Library):
Abbreviations used are as follows:
AHR = American Historical Review
AQ = American Quarterly
EAL = Early American Literature
JAH = Journal of American History
JEH = Journal of Economic History
JHG = Journal of Historical Geography
JIH = Journal of Indisciplinary History
MHM = Maryland Historical Magazine
NEQ = New England Quarterly
PMHB = Pennsylvania Magazine of History & Biography
VMHB = Virginia Magazine of History & Biography
WMQ = William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd series
Sample Abstracts
Harlan, David, "A People Blinded from Birth: American History According to Sacvan Berkovitch," Journal of American History, 78 (1991): 949-987.
Though touted as the successor of Perry Miller in his interpretations of Puritan history, Sacvan Berkovitch has sought to negate Miller's work and displace him from his position in Puritan historiography. Berkovitch's emphasis on Puritan rhetoric and symbolism contradicts Miller's belief that the Puritans rejected typology as a method of interpreting the Bible and the progress of the Christian Church--and hence the Puritan errand into the wilderness. Berkovitch also departs from Miller in his interpretation of the jeremiad and his application of this form to the broader interpretation of American history. But his most fundamental departure is his return to the idea than Puritanism represents and is the root cause of all that is wrong in American culture, thus rejecting Miller's emphasis on the positive aspects of Puritan history. Berkovitch is completely uninterested in the moral worth of the Puritan culture he studies. 65 notes.
Countryman, Edward, "The Uses of Capital in Revolutionary America: The Case of the New York Loyalist Merchants," William and Mary Quarterly, 49 (January 1992): 3-28.
Discusses the wealthiest Loyalist merchants of New York City before, during, and after the American Revolution, and how they used their surplus capital. Among those considered are James and Oliver Delancey, Hugh Wallace, Samuel Hake, and James Jauncey. The Loyalist merchants lost their possessions in the United States but received some recompense from a British claims commission. The Loyalists considered society capable of only limited economic growth; those merchants who sided with the Revolution had greater vision and were willing to engage in a wider variety of investments, which resulted in "civic capitalism." Base on Loyalist claims records in the Audit Office Papers of the British Public Record Office, other primary sources, and secondary sources; 2 tables, 74 notes.
Chaplin, Joyce E., "Tidal Rice Cultivation and the Problem of Slavery in South Carolina and Georgia, 1760-1815," William and Mary Quarterly, 49 (January 1992): 29-61.
In the late 18th century, South Carolina and Georgia rice planters began using the tidal action of rivers to irrigate coastal rice fields; these fields proved nearly twice as productive as inland swamps. The expensive and complex tidal cultivation system favored wealthy, large-scale planters, increased the economic divisions in white society, restructured the slave communities within plantations, and allowed slaves a measure of power and autonomy. Some planters worried about the natural destruction already evident from this reshaping of the tidal environment. Based on correspondence and state and local records; 5 fig., 84 notes.
Bookstore copies (all paperbacks):
Bernard Bailyn, The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution (enlarged ed., 1992)
Reserve Books (Reserve Room, Jerome Library):
Jack P. Greene & J.R. Pole, eds., Colonial British America (1984) James A. Henretta, et al., eds., Transformation of Early American History (1991) Peter Charles Hoffer, ed., Early American History (19 vols., 1988). E188.E27
References will be made to articles reprinted in this series by "Hoffer, vol. #, [essay] # ." In addition students may consult the original articles in the periodicals section of the library.
OFFICE HOURS: 4:00-5:00, Tuesday, 1:30-2:15, 4:00-5:00 Thursday and by appointment.
READING LIST
January 10 -- Introduction
Required Readings:
Richard R. Johnson, "Charles McLean Andrews and the Invention of American Colonial History," WMQ, 43 (October 1986): 519-541. Joyce Appleby, "A Different Kind of Independence: The Postwar Restructuring of the Historical Study of Early America," WMQ, 50 (April 1993): 245-267. "Forum: Early American Emeriti II," WMQ, 45 (July 1988): 517-ff.
January 17 -- The Native Americans
Required Readings:
T.H. Breen, "Creative Adaptations," in Greene & Pole: 195-215 only Daniels, John D., "The Indian Population of North America, in 1792," WMQ, 49 (April 1992): 298-320 Richter, Daniel K, "War and Culture: The Iroquois' Experience," WMQ, 40 (April 1983): 528-559. Merrell, James H., "The Indians New World: The Catawba Experience," WMQ, 41 (1983): 537-565.
Optional Readings (read one of the following):
Fausz, J. Frederick, "The Invasion of Virginia: Indians, Colonialism, and the Conquest of Cant: A Review Essay on Anglo- Indian Relations in the Chesapeake," VMHB, 95 (April 1987): 95-122 Axtell, James, "Colonial America without the Indians: Counterfactual Reflections," JAH, 73 (March 1987): 981-96. Anderson, Virginia DeJohn, "King Philip's Herds: Indians, Colonists, and the Problem of Livestock in Early New England," WMQ, 51 (October 1994): 601-624. Wallace, Anthony F.C., "Origins of Iroquois Neutrality," Pa Hist, 24 (1957). Hoffer, vol. 3, # 5 Richter, Daniel K., "Cultural Brokers and Intercultural Politics: New York-Iroquois Relations, 1664-1701," JAH, 75 (June 1988): 40-67 Jennings, Francis, "Goals and Functions of Puritan Missions to the Indians," Ethnohist, 18 (1971). Hoffer, Vol. 3, # 10 Vaughan, Alden T., "From White Man to Redskin: Changing Anglo- American Perceptions of the American Indians," AHR, 87 (1982). Hoffer, vol. 3, #16 Trigger, Bruce C., "American Archeology as Native History: A Review Essay," WMQ, 40 (1983). Hoffer, vol 3, # 17 Hirsch, Adam J., "The Collision of Military Cultures in Seventeenth-Century New England," JAH, 74 (March 1988): 1187-1212 Miller, Christopher L. & George R. Hamell, "A New Perspective on Indian-White Contact: Cultural Symbols and Colonial Trade," JAH, 73 (September 1986): 311-328
January 24 -- Origins of Chesapeake Society
Required Readings:
Greene, J.P. & J.R. Pole, "Reconstructing British-American Colonial History," in Green & Pole, Colonial British America (1984): 1-17. Morgan, Edmund S., "The Labor Problem at Jamestown, 1607-18," AHR, 76 (1971). Hoffer, vol. 2, # 8 Menard, Russell, "From Servant to Freeholder: Status, Mobility and Property Accumulation in Seventeenth-Century Maryland," WMQ, 30 (1973): 37-64. Optional Readings (read one of the following):
Morgan, Edmund S., "The First American Land Boom: Virginia 1618 to 1630," WMQ, 28 (April 1971): 169-198 Billings, Warren N., "The Growth of Political Institutions in Virginia, 1634 to 1676," WMQ, 31 (April 1974): 225-242 Rutman, Darrett B. and Anita H. Rutman, "Of Agues and Fevers: Malaria in the Early Chesapeake," WMQ, 33 (1976). Hoffer, vol. 2, # 11 Earle, Carville, "Environment, Disease, and Mortality in Early Virginia," JHG, 5 (1979). Hoffer, vol. 2, # 14 Carr, Lois G., "Sources of Political Stability and Upheaval in Seventeenth-Century Maryland," MHM, 79 (1984). Hoffer, vol. 8, # 21 Menard, Russell R., "Maryland's 'Time of Troubles': Sources of Political Disorder in Early St. Mary's," MHM, 76 (Summer 1981): 124-140. Menard, Russell R., "Population, Economics, and Society in Seventeenth-Century Maryland," MHM, 79 (1984). Hoffer, vol. 8, # 22 Krugler, John D., "'With Promise of Liberty in Religion': The Catholic Lords Baltimore and Toleration in Seventeenth-Century Maryland," MHM, 79 (Spring 1984): 21-43. Jordan, David W., "'The Miracle of This Age': Maryland's Experiment in Religious Toleration, 1649-1689," The Historian, 47 (May 1985): 338-359
January 31 -- Origins of New England Society
Required Readings:
Hall, David D., "On Common Ground: The Coherance of American Puritan Studies," WMQ, 44 (April 1987): 193-229. Breen, T.H. & Stephen Foster, "The Puritans' Greatest Achievement: A Study of Social Cohesion in Seventeenth-Century Massachusetts," JAH, 60 (1973). Hoffer, vol. 6, # 16 Anderson, Virginia D., "Migrants and Motives: Religion and the Settlement of New England," NEQ, 58 (1985): 339-383.
Optional Readings (read one of the following):
Wood, Joseph S., '"Build, Therefore, Your Own World': The New England Village as a Settlement Idea," Annals of Assn. of Am. Geographers, (1991): Henretta, James A., "Economic Development and Social Structure in Colonial Boston," WMQ, 22 (1965). Hoffer, vol. 6, # 1 Greven, Philip J., "Old Patterns in the New World: The Distribution of Land in Seventeenth-Century Andover," Essex Inst. Hist. Coll., 101 (1965). Hoffer, vol. 6, # 4 Innes, Stephen, "Land Tenancy and Social Order in New England, 1620 to 1702," WMQ, 35 (1978). Hoffer, vol. 7, # 13 Wood, Joseph, "Village and Community in Early Colonial New England," JHG, 8 (1982). Hoffer, vol. 7, # 13 Lockridge, Kenneth A., "The History of a Puritan Church, 1637-1736," NEQ, 40 (1967): 399-424 Holifield, E. Brooks, "Peace, Conflict and Ritual in Puritan Congregationalism," JIH, 23 (Winter 1993): 551-570. Westerkamp, Marilyn, "Puritan Patriarchy and the Problem of Revelation," JIH, 23 (Winter 1993): 571-595. Marsden, George M., "Perry Miller's Rehabilitation of the Puritans: A Critique," Church Hist., 39 (1970). Hoffer, vol. 13, # 10 Butts, Francis T., "The Myth of Perry Miller," AHR, 87 (1982): 665-694 Selement, George, "The Meeting of Popular and Elite Minds at Cambridge, New England, 1638 to 1645," WMQ, 41 (1984). Hoffer, vol. 13, # 20
February 7 -- Bacon's Rebellion & the Glorious Revolution in America
Required Readings:
Murrin, John, "Political Development," Greene & Pole, 408-432 only. Howe, Adrian, "The Bayard Treason Trial: Dramatizing Anglo-Dutch Politics in Early 18th c. New York City," WMQ, 47 (1990): 57-89.
Optional Readings (select two of the following):
Billings, Warren M., "The Causes of Bacon's Rebellion: Some Suggestions," VMHB, 78 (1970): 409-435 Bailyn, Bernard, "Politics and Social Structure in Virginia," Seventeenth-Centry America, James Morton Smith, ed., (1959). Lovejoy, David S., "Virginia's Charter and Bacon's Rebellion," Anglo-American Political Relations, 1675-1775, A.G. Olson & R.M. Brown, eds, (1970): 143-154. 325.3 1A589. Washburn, Wilcomb E., "The Effect of Bacon's Rebellion on Government in England and Virginia," United States Museum Bulletin, 225 (1962): 137-152. (In Gov't Docs. Room of Jerome Library, under Smithsonian Institution SI 3.3 225) Webb, Stephen S., "The Strange Career of Francis Nicholson," WMQ, 23 (1966): 513-548 Washburn, Wilcomb E., "Stephen Saunders Webb's Interpretation of Bacon's Rebellion," VMHB, 95 (July 1987): 339-352 Rainbolt, John C., "The Alteration of Relationship between Leadership and Constituents in Virginia, 1660 to 1720," WMQ, 27 (July 1970): 411-434 Kammen, Michael, "The Causes of the Maryland Revolution of 1689," MHM, (December 1960): 292-333 Jordan, David W., "John Coode, Perennial Rebel," MHM, 70 (Spring 1975): 1-28. Jordan, David W., "Political Stability and the Emergence of a Native Elite in Maryland," The Chesapeake in the 17th Century, T.W. Take & D. L. Ammerman, eds. (1979): 243-273. Leder, Lawrence H., "The Glorious Revolution and the Pattern of Imperial Relationships," NY Hist. Soc. Q., 25 (1965). Hoffer, vol. 4, # 14
February 14 -- Slavery
Required Readings:
Berlin, Ira, "Time, Space, and the Evolution of Afro-American Society on British Mainland North America," AHR, 85 (February 1980): 44-78. Hoffer, vol. 9, # 17 Wood, Peter H., "'I Did the Best I Could for My Day': The Study of Early Black History during the Second Reconstruction, 1960 to 1976," WMQ, 35 (1978). Hoffer, vol. 9, # 15 Morgan, Edmund S., "Slavery and Freedom: The American Paradox," JAH, 59 (1972-73). Hoffer, vol. 9, #16.
Optional Readings (read one of the following):
Jordan, Winthrop D., "Enslavement of Negroes in America to 1700," Katz & Murrin: Colonial America, 4th edn. (1993): 288-329. [Skaggs, personal copy.] Morgan, Philip D., "Work and Culture: The Task System and the World of Low Country Blacks," WMQ, 39 (1982): 563-599. Menard, Russell R., "The Maryland Slave Population, 1658 to 1730: A Demographic Profile of Blacks in Four Counties," WMQ, 32 (1975): 29-54 Menard, Russell R., "From Servants to Slaves: The Transformation of the Chesapeake Labor System," Social Studies, 16 (1977). Hoffer, vol. 9, # 14 Breen, T.H., "A Changing Labor Force and Race Relations in Virginia, 1600-1710," J. Social Hist., 7 (Fall 1973): 3-25 Morgan, Philip D. and Michael L. Nicholls, "Slavery in Piedmont, Virginia, 1720-1790," WMQ, 46 (April 1989): 211-251
February 21 -- Family and Community
Required Readings:
Nash, Gary B., "Social Development," Greene & Pole: 233-261 Potter, Jim, "Demographic Development and Family Structure," Greene & Pole: 123-156 Breen, T.H., "Creative Adaptations," Greene & Pole: 215-232 only
Optional Readings (read one of the following):
Greven, Philip J., "Family Structure in Seventeenth-Century Andover, Massachusetts," WMQ, 22 (1965): 264-286. Norton, Mary Beth, "The Evolution of White Women's Experience in Early America," AHR, 89 (1984). Hoffer, vol. 11, # 14 Smith, Daniel Scott, "Parental Power and Marriage Patterns, An Analysis of Historical Trends in Higham, Massachusetts," J. of Marriage & Family, 35 (1973). Hoffer, vol. 11, # 3. Ulrich, Laurel Thatcher, "'A Friendly Neighbor': Social Dimensions of Daily Work in Northern Colonial New England," Feminist Stud., 6 (1980). Hoffer, vol. 11, # 9 Dayton, Cornelia Hughes, "Taking the Trade: Abortion and Gender Relations in an Eighteenth-Century New England Village, WMQ, 48 (1991): 19-49. Shammas, Carole, "The Domestic Environment in Early Modern England and America," J. Social Hist., 14 (1980). Hoffer, vol. 11, # 10 Soderlund, Jean R., "Women's Authority in Pennsylvania and New Jersey Quaker Meetings, 1680-1760," WMQ 44 (October 1987): 722-749 Levy, Barry J., "'Tender Plants': Quaker Farmers and Children in the Delaware Valley, 1681-1735," J. Family Hist., 3 (1978): 116-135. Henderson, Roger C., "Demographic Patterns and Family Structure in 18th-C. Lancaster Co., Pa.," PMHB, 114 (July 1990): 349-383. Lemon, James T., "Spatial Order: Households in Local Communities and Regions," Greene & Pole: 86-122 Smith, Daniel Blake, "Mortality and Family in the Colonial Chesapeake," JIH, 8 (1978). Hoffer, vol. 8, # 17 Carr, Lois G. & Lorena S. Walsh, "The Planter's Wife: The Experience of White Women in Seventeenth-Century Maryland," WMQ, 34 (1977): 541-571. Watson, Alan D., "Women in Colonial North Carolina: Overlooked and Underestimated," N.C. Hist. Rev., 58 (1981). Hoffer, vol. 11, # 11 Kulikoff, Alan, "The Origins of Afro-American Society in Tidewater Maryland and Virginia, 1700-1790," WMQ, 35 (1978): 226-259. Lee, Jean Butenhoff, "The Problem of Slave Community in the Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake," WMQ, 43 (July 1986): 33-361 Zuckerman, Michael, "William Byrd's Family," Perspectives in Am. Hist., 13 (1979): 255-311. (In main library stacks. E171.P47.)
February 28 -- The American Enlightenment
Required Readings:
Gura, Philip F., "The Study of Colonial American Literature, 1966-1987: A Vade Mecum," WMQ, 45 (April 1988): 305-341 Clive, John & Bernard Bailyn, "England's Cultural Provinces: Scotland and America," WMQ, 14 (1957): 200-213. Hoffer, vol. 4, # 8
Optional Readings (select two of the following):
Spangerman, William C., "Discovering the Literature of British America," EAL, 18 (1983): 3-16 Tinkcom, Margaret B., "Urban Reflections in a Trans-Atlantic Mirror," PMHB, 100 (1976): 287-313 Bailyn, Bernard, "Political Experience and Enlightenment Ideas in Eighteenth-Century America," AHR, 67 (1962). Hoffer, vol. 14, # 6 Bercovitch, Sacvan, "The Typology of America's Mission," AQ, 30 (1978). Hoffer, vol. 13, # 17 Fiering, Norman S., "The First American Enlightenment: Tillotson, Leverett, and Philosophical Anglicanism," NEQ, 54 (1981). Hoffer, vol. 13, # 19 Bercovitch, Sacvan, "New England Epic: Cotton Mather's Magnalia Christi Americana," English Literary History, 33 (1966): 337-350 Bozeman, Theodore Dwight, "The Puritans; 'Errand into the Wilderness'," NEQ, 59 (1986): 231-251 Davis, Richard Beale, "Intellectual Golden Age in the Colonial Chesapeake Bay Country," VMHB, 78 (April 1970): Arner, Robert D., "Westover and the Wilderness: William Byrd's Images of Virginia," Southern Literary J., 7 (Spring 1975): 105-123. Lemay, J.A. Leo, "Robert Bolling and the Bailment of Colonel Chiswell," EAL, 6 (Fall 1971): 99-142. [Arner & Lemay are a single reading.] Breslaw, Elaine G., "Wit, Whimsy, and Politics: The Uses of Satire by the Tuesday Club of Annapolis, 1744 to 1756," WMQ, 32 (1975): 295-306 Micklus, Robert, "'The History of the Tuesday Club': A Mock-Jeramiad of the Colonial South," WMQ, 40 (January 1983): 42-61. Shields, David S., "Anglo-American Clubs: Their Wit, Their Heterdoxy, Their Sedition," WMQ, 51 (April 1994): 293-304. [Shields, Breslaw & Micklus constitute a single reading.] Skaggs, David Curtis, "Thomas Cradock and the Chesapeake Golden Age," WMQ, 30 (January 1973): 93-116 Beeman, Richard R., "Robert Munford and the Political Culture of Frontier Virginia," J. Am. Studies, 12 (August 1978): 169-183. [Skaggs & Beeman are a single reading.] Clark, Charles E. and Charles Wetherell, "The Measure of Maturity: The Pennsylvania Gazette, 1728-1765," WMQ, 46 (April 1989): 279-303 Lemay, J.A. Leo, "Benjamin Franklin, Universal Genius," in Renaissance Man in the 18th Century (Los Angeles, 1978): 5-43. Bushman, Richard, "On the Use of Psychology: Conflict and Conciliation in Benjamin Franklin," Hist. & Theory, 5 (1966). Hoffer, vol. 14, # 10 Rossiter, Clinton, "The Life and Mind of Jonathan Mayhew," WMQ, 7 (October 1950): 531-558.
March 7 -- The Great Awakening
Required Readings:
Hall, David D., "Religion and Society: Problems and Reconsiderations," Greene & Pole: 317-344 O'Brien, Susan, "A Transatlantic Community of Saints: The Great Awakening and the First Evangelical Network, 1735-1755," AHR, 91 (1986): 811-832. Isaac, Rhys, "Evangelical Revolt: The Nature of the Baptists' Challenge to the Traditional Order in Virginia, 1765-1775," WMQ, 31 (1974): 345-368.
Optional Reading (read one of the following):
Bonomi, Patricia U. & Peter R. Eisenstadt, "Church Adherence in the Eighteenth-Century British American Colonies," WMQ, 39 (1982): 246-286. Hoffer, vol. 12, # 17. Lambert, Frank, "The Great Awakening as Artifact: George Whitefield and the Construction of Intercolonial Revival, 1739-45," Church History, 60 (June 1991): 223-246. Stout, Harry S., "The Great Awakening in New England Reconsidered: The New England Clergy," J. Social Hist., 8 (Fall 1974): 21-47. Conforti, Joseph A., "Samuel Hopkins and the New Divinity: Theology, Ethics, and Social Reform in Eighteenth-Century New England," WMQ, 34 (1977). Hoffer, vol. 13, # 16 Gura, Philip F., "The Radical Ideology of Samuel Gorton: New Light on the Relation of English to American Puritanism," WMQ, 36 (1979). Hoffer, vol. 13, # 18 Lodge, Martin E., "The Crisis of the Churches in the Middle Colonies," PMHB, 95 (1971): 195-224. Goodfriend, Joynce D., "The Social Dimensions of Congregational Life in Colonial New York City," WMQ, 46 (April 1989) 252-278 Stout, Harry S. & Peter Onuf, "James Davenport and the Great Awakening in New London," JAH, 70 (1983). Hoffer, vol. 7, # 16 Yarbrough, Stephen R., "Jonathan Edwards on Rhetorical Authority," J. History of Ideas, 47 (July-Sept. 1986): 395-408 White, Eugene, "George Whitefield's Preaching in Massachusetts and Georgia: A Case Study in Persuassion," Southern Speech Journal, 15 (1950): 249-262 White, Eugene, "The Protasis of the Great Awakening in New England," Speech Monographs, 21 (1954): 249-262. [Two White articles count as one.] McLoughlin, William G., "Isaac Backus and the Separation of Church and State in America," AHR, 73 (1968). Hoffer, vol. 13, # 7 Frantz, John B., "The Awakening of Religion among the German Settlers in the Middle Colonies," WMQ, 33 (1976): 266-288 Larson, Barbara, "Samuel Davies and the Rhetoric of the New Light," Speech Monographs, 38 (1971): 207-216 Beeman, Richard R., "Social Change and Cultural Conflict in Virginia: Lunenburg County, 1746-1774," WMQ, 35 (1978): 455-476 Isaac, Rhys, "Religion and Authority: Problems of the Anglican Establishment in Virginia in the Era of the Great Awakening and the Parsons' Cause," WMQ, 30 (1973): 3-36. Hoffer, vol. 8, # 11 Schmidt, Leigh Eric, "'The Grand Prophet,' Hugh Bryan: Evangelicalism's Challenge to the Establishment and Slavery in the Colonial South," S.C. Hist. Mag., 87 (1986): 238-250.
March 14 -- Economic Developments
Required Readings:
Henretta, James A., "Wealth and Social Structure," Greene & Pole: 262-289 Price, Jacob M., "The Transatlantic Economy," Greene & Pole: 18-42 Sheridan, Richard B., "The Domestic Economy," Greene & Pole: 43-85
Optional Readings (read one of the following):
Dunn, Richard S., "Servants and Slaves: The Recruitment and Employment of Labor," Greene & Pole: 157-194 Appleby, Joyce, "Value & Society," Greene & Pole: 290-316. Henretta, James A., et al., eds., The Transformation of Early American History (1991). [On reserve in library.] James Henretta, "The Transition to Capitalism in America," 218-238. Egnal, Marc, "The Economic Development of the Thirteen Continental Colonies, 1720-1775," WMQ, 32 (1975). Hoffer, vol. 12, # 12 Altman, Morris, "Economic Growth in Canada, 1695-1738: Estimates and Analysis," WMQ, 45 (Oct. 1988): 684-711 Eccles, W.J., "The Fur Trade and Eighteenth-Century Imperialism," WMQ 40 (1983). Hoffer, vol. 15, # 16. Nash, Gary B., "Urban Wealth and Poverty in Pre-Revolutionary America," JIH, 6 (1976): 545-584 Price, Jacob M., "Economic Function and the Growth of American Port Towns in the Eighteenth Century," Perspectives in Am. Hist., 8 (1974). [In stacks, E171.P47.] or Hoffer, vol. 12, # 10 Walton, Gary M., "A Quantitative Study of American Colonial Shipping: A Summary," JEH, 26 (1966). Hoffer, vol. 15, # 10 Grasso, Christopher, "The Experimental Philosophy of Farming: Jared Eliot and the Cultivation of Conn.," WMQ, 50 (July 1993): 501-528. Lockridge, Kenneth, "Land, Population and the Evolution of New England Society, 1630-1790," Past & Present, (1968). Hoffer, vol. 6, # 7 Henretta, James A., "Families and Farms: Mentalite in Pre- Industrial America," WMQ, 35 (1978). Hoffer, vol. 16, # 11 Pruitt, Bettye Hobbs, "Self-sufficiency and the Agricultural Economy of Eighteenth-Century Massachusetts," WMQ, 41 (July 1984): 333-364 Vickers, Daniel, "The First Whalemen of Nantucket," WMQ, 40 (October 1983): 560-583 Main, Gloria L., "Gender, Work, and Wages in Colonial New England," WMQ, 51 (January 1994): 39-66. Breen, T.H., "An Empire of Goods: The Anglicanization of Colonial America," J. British Studies, 25 (1986): 467-499. Kim, Bok Sung, "A New Look at the Great Landlords of Eighteenth- Century New York," WMQ, 28 (1970): 581-614 Hoffer, vol. 10, #10. Lemon, James T. & Gary B. Nash, "The Distribution of Wealth in Eighteenth-Century America: A Century of Changes in Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1693-1802," J. Social Hist., 2 (1968). Hoffer, vol. 10, # 8 Ball, Duane & Garry M. Walton, "Agricultural Productivity and Change in Eighteenth-Century Pennsylvania," JEH, 36 (March 1976): 102-125 Galenson, David W., "British Servants and the Indenture System in the Eighteenth Century," J. Southern Hist., 44 (February 1978): 43-66. Doerflinger, Thomas M., "Commercial Speculation in Philadelphia's Merchant Community," Business Hist. Rev., 57 (1983); Hoffer, vol. 10, #15. Salinger, Sharon V., "'Send No More Women': Female Servants in Eighteenth-Century Philadelphia," PMHB, 107 (1983) Ekirch, A. Roger, "Exiles in the Promised Land: Convict Labor in the Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake," MHM, 82, (Summer 1987): 95-122 Price, Jacob M., "The Economic Growth of the Chesapeake and the European Market, 1697-1775," JEH, 24 (1974); Hoffer, vol. 15, # 8 Price, Jacob M., "The Last Phase of the Virginia-London Consignment Trade: James Buchanan & Co., 1758-1768,:" WMQ, 43 (January 1986): 64-98 Price, Jacob M. & Paul G.E. Clemens, "A Revolution of Scale in Overseas Trade: British Firms in the Chesapeake Trade, 1675-1775," JEH, 47 (March 1987): 1-43 Papenfuse, Edward C., "Planter Behavior and Economic Opportunity in a Staple Economy," Agri. Hist., 46 (1972). Hoffer, vol. 8, # 10 Land, Aubrey C., "Economic Behavior in a Planting Society: The Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake," J. Southern Hist., 33 (1967): 469-485 Land, Aubrey C., "Economic Base and Social Structure: The Northern Chesapeake in the Eighteenth Century," JEH, 25 (1965). Hoffer, vol. 8, # 4 Klingaman, David, "The Significance of Grain in the Development of the Tobacco Colonies," JEH, 29 (1969). Hoffer, vol. 8, # 5 Main, Gloria L., "Inequality in Early America: The Evidence from Probate Records of Massachusetts and Maryland," JIH, 7 (1977). Hoffer, vol. 12, # 15. Menard, Russell R., "Financing the Lowcountry Export Boom: Capital and Growth in Early Carolina," WMQ, 51 (October 1994): 659-678. Calhoun, Jeanne A., "The Geographic Spread of Charleston's Mercantile Community, 1732-1767," S.C. Hist. Mag., 86 (July 6, 1985) Gallay, Alan, "Jonathan Bryan's Plantation Empire: Land, Politics, and the Formation of a Ruling Class in Colonial Georgia," WMQ, 45 (April 1988): 253-279 Usner, Daniel H., "The Frontier Exchange Economy of the Lower Mississippi Vally in the 18th C.," WMQ, 44 (April 1987): 165-192.
March 28 -- Colonial Politics
Required Readings:
Beeman, Richard R., "Deference, Republicanism, and the Emergence of Popular Politics in Eighteenth-Century America," WMQ, 49 (July 1992): 403-430 Olson, Alison G., "Eighteenth-Century Colonial Legislatures and Their Constituents," JAH, 79 (Sept. 1992): 543-567 Murrin, John M., "Political Development," Greene & Pole: 408-456
Optional Readings (read one of the following):
Appelby, Joyce, "Ideology and Theory: The Tension between Political and Economic Liberalism in Seventeenth-Century England," AHR, 81 (1976). Hoffer, vol. 1, # 16 Greene, Jack P., "Political Mimesis: A Consideration of the Historical and Cultural Roots of Legislative Behaviour in the British Colonies in the Eighteenth Century," AHR, 75 (1979). Hoffer, vol. 12, # 9 W.A. Speck, "The International and Imperial Context," Greene & Pole: 384-407 Olsen, Alison G., "William Penn, Parliament, and Proprietary Government," WMQ, 18 (1961). Hoffer, vol. 4, # 12 Zuckerman, Michael, "The Social Context of Democracy in Massachusetts," Hoffer, vol. 6, #8. Allen, David Grayson, "The Zuckerman Thesis and the Process of Legal Rationalization in Provincial Massachusetts," WMQ, 29 (1972). Hoffer, vol. 6, # 13. [Zuckerman & Allen constitute a single reading.] Shammas, Carole, "English-born and Creole Elites in Turn of the Century Virginia," The Chesapeake in the 17th Century, T.W. Take & D. L. Ammerman, eds. (1979): 274-296. Wood, Gordon S., "Conspiracy and the Paranoid Style: Causality and Deceit in the Eighteenth Century," WMQ, 39 (1982). Hoffer, vol. 14, # 14 Webb, Stephen S., "Army and Empire: English Garrison Government in Britain and America, 1569-1763," WMQ, 34 (January 1977): 1-31 Maier, Pauline, "Popular Uprisings and Civil Authority in Eighteenth-Century Politics," WMQ, 27 (1970): 3-35
April 3 -- Origins of the American Revolution
Required Readings:
Greene, Jack P., "The Plunge of Lemmings: A Consideration of Recent Writings on British Politics and the American Revolution," South Atlantic Quarterly, 67 (Winter 1968): 141-175 OR Hatch, Nathan O., "The Origins of Civil Millennialism in America: New England Clergymen, War with France, and the Revolution," Hoffer, vol. 17, #14.
Optional Readings (read three of the following):
Endy, Melvin B., "Just War, Holy War, and Millennialism in Revolutionary America," WMQ, 42 (January 1985): 3-25. Wilson, John F., "Religion & Revolution in American History," JIH, 23 (Winter 1993): 597-613. Noll, Mark A., "The American Revolution & Protestant Evangelicalism," JIH, 23 (Winter 1993): 615-638. Breen, T.H., "Narrative of Commercial Life: Consumption, Ideology, and Community on the Eve of the American Revolution," WMQ, 50 (July 1993): 471-501. Martin, James K., "A Model for the Coming American Revolution: The Birth and Death of the Wentworth Oligarchy in New Hampshire, 1741-1776," J. Social Hist., 4 (1970): 41-60 Bellesiles, Michael A., "The Establishment of Legal Structures on the Frontier: The Case of Revolutionary Vermont," JAH, (March 1987): 895-915. Kim, Sung Bok, "The Limits of Politicization in the American Revolution: The Experience of Westchester Co., NY," JAH, 80 (December 1993): 868-889 Tate, Thad W., "The Coming of the Revolution in Virginia: Britain's Challenge to Virginia's Ruling Class, 1763-1776," WMQ, 19 (1962). Hoffer, vol. 18, # 5 Skaggs, David Curtis, "Maryland's Impulse Toward Social Revolution, 1750-1776," JAH, 54 (1967-68): 771-786. Hoffer, vol. 18, # 10 Weir, Robert M., "'The Harmony We Were Famous For': An Interpretation of Pre-Revolutionary South Carolina Politics," WMQ, 26 (1969): 473-501. Maier, Pauline, "The Charleston Mob and the Evolution of Popular Politics in Revolutionary South Carolina, 1765-1784," Perspectives in Am. Hist., 4 (1970): 173-196. [In main stacks, #171.P47.] Ekrich, A. Roger, "The North Carolina Regulators on Liberty and Corruption, 1766-1771," Perspectives in Am. Hist., 11 (1977-78): 199-256 Ryerson, R.A., "Political Mobilization in the American Revolution: The Resistance Movement in Philadelphia," WMQ, 31 (1974). Hoffer, vol. 18, # 13 Hull, N.E.H., Peter Hoffer, & Steven L. Allen, "Choosing Sides: The Personality Determinants of Loyalist and Revolutionary Political Affiliation in New York," JAH, 64 (1978). Hoffer, vol. 18, # 15 Lemisch, Jesse, "Jack Tar in the Streets: Merchant Seamen in the Politics of Revolutionary America," WMQ, 25 (1968). Hoffer, vol. 18, # 9 Olson, Alison G., "The London Mercantile Lobby and the Coming of the American Revolution," JAH, 69 (1982). Hoffer, vol. 18, # 16 Kammen, Michael, "The Colonial Agents, English Politics and the American Revolution," WMQ, 22 (1965). Hoffer, vol. 18, # 7 Morgan, Edmund S., "The Puritan Ethic and the American Revolution," WMQ, 24 (1967). Hoffer, vol. 17, # 9 Nash, Gary B., "The Transformation of Urban Politics," JAH, 60 (1973). Hoffer, vol. 16, # 7 Bonwick, Colin, "The American Revolution as a Social Movement Reconsidered," J. Am. Studies, 20 (December 1986): 355-373 Henretta, James A., et al., eds., The Transformation of Early American History (1991). [On reserve in library.] Pauline Maier, "The Transforming Impact of Independence, Reaffirmed," 194-217. Michael Zuckerman, "A Different Thermidor: The Revolution Beyond the American Revolution," 170-193.
April 10 --The American Revolution--I
Required Readings:
Bailyn, Bernard, The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution (1992), Chapters I-IV OR Wood, Gordon, Radicalism of the American Revolution (1992), chaps. 1-5.
April 17 --The American Revolution-II
Required Readings: Bailyn, Bernard, The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution (1992), Chapters V-VI OR Wood, Gordon, Radicalism of the American Revolution (1992), chaps. 6-10.
April 24 -- The American Revolution-III
Required Readings:
Bailyn, Bernard, The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution (1992), postscript OR Wood, Gordon, Radicalism of the American Revolution (1992), chaps. 13-19.
Optional Readings (read one of the following):
Rodgers, Daniel T., "Republicanism: The Career of a Concept," JAH 79 (June 1992): 11-38 Wood, Gordon, "Rhetoric and Reality in the American Revolution," WMQ, 23 (1966). Hoffer, vol. 17, # 8 Appleby, Joyce, "Republicanism and Ideology," AQ, 37 (Fall 1985): Stout, Harry S., "Religion, Communications, and the Ideological Origins of the American Revolution, WMQ, 34 (1977). Hoffer, vol. 17, # 16 Fallon, Richard H., "What is Republicanism, and Is It Worth Reviving," Harvard Law Review, 102 (May 1989): 1695-1735 Wood, Gordon, "Ideology and the Origins of Liberal America," WMQ, 44 (July 1987): 628-640 Kloppenberg, James T., "The Virtues of Liberalism: Christianity, Republicanism, and Ethics in Early America," JAH, 74 (June, 1987): Appleby, Joyce," The Social Origins of American Revolutionary Ideology," JAH, 64 (March 1978): 935-958.
May 2 -- Two Historians and the American Revolution
Forum, "How Revolutionary was the Revolution? A discussion of Gordon S. Wood's The Radicalism of the American Revolution," Joyce Appleby, Barbara Clark Smith, Michael Zuckerman, & Wood, WMQ, 51 (October 1994): 677-716. Ekrich, A. Roger, "Sometimes an Art, Never a Science, Always a Craft: A Conversation with Bernard Bailyn," WMQ, 51 (October 1994): 677-716. Henretta, James A., et al., eds., The Transformation of Early American History (1991). [On reserve in library.] Micahel Kammen & Stanley Katz, "Bernard Bailyn, Historian & Teacher," 3-15. Gordon Wood, "The Creative Imagination of Bernard Bailyn," 16-30. Jack Rakove, "'How Else Could It End?' Bernard Bailyn & the Problem of Authority in Early America," 51-69. Menu: hnetxxieahcnetteaching Title:
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Posted: 13 Jan 1995
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